IRP Low dimensional dynamical systems and applications - Part II (ONLINE)

The main objects of interest in any dynamical system depending on parameters, no matter in which specific framework occurs, are the following:

• The phase portrait for a fixed parameter of the system, which serves to determine the future value of the system features (or system states) in the phase space based on their present values;

• The bifurcation diagram in the parameter space, which is meant to describe how a specific feature of the system varies as we move the parameters. In this respect it deserves particular attention the bifurcation phenomena that occur at those parameters which lie on the boundary between qualitatively different phase portraits.

Understanding these objects is formalized into different statements or challenges depending on the context. In particular there is a preliminary division based on whether the evolution of the process is continuous (real time) or discrete (natural or integer time), but there are other relevant considerations as the dimension of the problem (i.e., number of features we wish to observe), the topology of the phase space, the type of bifurcations in the parameter space, etc. The origin of the discrete version goes back to the studies of the chaotic dynamics by A.N. Sharkovskii (1964) and T.Y. Li and J.A. Yorke (1975) for the real case, together with the works of Cayley about Newton’s method (1879), the memoirs of P. Fatou and G. Julia (1920), and the notes of Orsay written by A. Douady and J.H. Hubbard (1982). Both scenarios -real and complex- show that very simple models in low dimension can exhibit extremely rich dynamics. In this context the present proposal focuses in problems related to topological and combinatorial dynamics and the description of the period set of continuous maps in graphs and trees. We also want to study the topological and analytical properties of the connected components of the Fatou set and the dynamics on their boundaries, the existence and distribution of wandering domains inside the Fatou set and the description of the parameter space and its bifurcations.